Ventilator



Frank l2. Kel/gl.l

Patented Aug. 16, 1927.

UNITED vs'iarlfzs A 1.639,18? PATENT OFFICE.

FRANK R. KELLEY, OF'PITTSBUBGH, PENNSYLVANIA.

vEN'rILAToR. f

Application Vfiled. November 3 The present invention relates to ventilators for factories7 oiiice buildings, churches, schools, etc.

The object of the present invention is to augment a kstandard type of ventilator by Van addition to the outlet terminus of the nate possibility of the air, which passes over `the. cowl, VfromY meeting with varying .resistances emanating from windpressure and eddy currents.

Other objects of the invention-will be apparent from the following ,description of the present preferred form ofthe invention taken inV Connection with the accompanying drawings wherein:

rig. l is a side elevational view of a ventilator constructed in accordance with this invention and j Fig. 2 is an end elevational view of the same.

rlhe ventilator' constructed in accordance f with this invention consists of a base tube 3 which may be of standard construction and has a cowl 4 mounted thereon. The cowl in the present instance is shown to be of the usual elbow shaped type usually employed for the ventilation of buildings and is modified in a manner hereinafter set forth to include the device of the present invention. v

A frusto-conical tube 5 is mounted in the cowl 4 and disposed at an inclination so that wind will be directed toward the upper end of the cowl. The enlarged end of the tube is arranged to lie outside of the cowl while the reduced end terminates at approximately the longitudinal center of the tube 3. A spindle 6 also of substantially standard construction is mounted in the tube 3 and secured to the cowl 4 to serve as an axis for the latter in a manner well known in the art. This spindle passes through the lower portion of the reduced terminal of the tube 5 and impinges the terminal of the upper part of said tube as shown in Fig. 2. The tube 5 capacitates as an ejector to function in expelling air, smoke or the like through the cowl in a well known manner. The particular manner of mounting the ejector, as

:8. sh'aped'member is also'disposed at an in- "clmatlon which 1n actual practice is at an o. 1923. serial No. 677,733.

above recited, is important in order that the greatest amount of'etficiency may be derived from a cowl constructed in accordance with the present invention as will be more appa-rent from the subsequent description of another portion of the cowl.

The outlet end 7 of the cowl is disposed at an angle to thefaxis of the cowl and is equipped with' a bell shaped body or flange The free marginal edge of vthis bell angle kof about 45`degreesto the axis of the cowl. The upper part of the member 8 is relatively wider :than the lower part .so that the angle of the outer end thereof is formed 4by the inherent construction of this member rather than by vmaking the member of a uniform 'width and receding the lower end thereof inwardly on the cowl', which however maybe done if found preferable.l It

isv of importancefhowever'thatfthe ratio of the upper end of said bell shaped member or flange to the lower end be about two to tf' one in order to eliminate eddy currents around the upper portion of the outlet end of the cowl that is in the path of the wind ejected through the ejector tube 5. The

bell shaped member 8 may be either attachi* able to or made integral with the outer end of thecowl 4. The bell shaped member also deflects the air, passing around the outside of the cowl, away from the air exhausted through the latter thereby preventing the formation of static air pressure at the exhaust end of the cowl.

A vane-9 is secured to the top of the cowl 4 and is adapted to be iinpinged by the Wind in the usual manner so as to maintain the ejector tube 5 in the path of the wind at all times. The vane may be of the usual or any Adesired construction.

The arrangement of the ejector and the construction and arrangement of the bell shaped ange 8 positively eliminates the possibilityof air passing over the cowl from meeting with varying resistances caused by wind pressure and eddy currents. It has beendeveloped on test that the addition of the bell shaped flange and arrangement of the ejector as hereinY set forth adds approximately 23 per cent eiciency to the ventilator at a four mile wind velocity. Furthermore the cowl additions contemplated by the present invention are exceedingly simple so as to reduce the cost thereof t0 a minimum and may be used for an indefinite period of time without attention or replacement.

It is of course understood that the cowl may be otherwise modified to effect somewhat similar resultsto that obtained by the device above described. It is to be understood however that the present invention contemplates a device which will positively eliminate eddy currents at the outlet end of the cowl and otherwise augment the utility of the latter so as to effect a materially increased efficiency without appreciably t increasing the cost of manufacture of the ventilator.

lVhat is claimed is:

l-l In a` ventilator of the character described, the combination of a base, a curved cowl rotatably mounted on said base, an injector tube extending into said cowl from the rear and having its outlet directed upwardly towards the mouth of said cowl, and an edged flange for the mouth of said cowl flaring upwardly and outwardly therefrom at an abrupt angle and diminishing downward- 1y in width, for the purpose of causing air currents traveling over said cowl to bound upwardly to. produce an aspirating effect at the mouth of said cowl in the presence of low wind velocities.

2. In a ventilator of the character de scribed, the combination of a base, a curved cowl rotatably` mounted on said base, an injector tube extending through the rear of said cowl and having its outlet directel upwardly toward the mouth of said cowl, and a flaring flange surrounding the mouth of' said cowl andhaving its outer edge lying in aplane converging downwardly towards the axis of rotation, said flange extending outwalj'dly at anabrupt angle from the cowl whereby the air currents traveling over the cowl are caused to bound upwardly and produce an aspirating effect at the mouth of said cowl in the presence of low wind velocities.

3. In a. ventilator. of the character de-` scribed, the combination of a base, a curved cowl rotatably mounted on said base, an inliector tube extending through the rear of said cowl and having its outlet directed upwardly toward the mouth of said cowl, and a flaring flange surrounding the mouth of said cowl and having its outer edge lying in a plane converging downwardly towards the axis of rotation, said flange extending outwardly at an abrupt angle from the cowl whereby the air currents traveling over the cowl are caused to bound upwardly and produce an aspirating effect at the mouth of said cowl, the area of said flange diminishing downwardly.V`

In testimony whereof I aix my hand.

FRANK R. KELLEY. 

